Fortran Wikipedia. Fortran. The Fortran Automatic Coding System for the IBM 7. October 1. 95. 6, the first Programmers Reference Manual for Fortran. Paradigmmulti paradigm structured, imperative procedural, object oriented, generic. Designed by. John Backus. Developer. John Backus and IBMFirst appeared. Stable release. Fortran 2. Games Nintendo Gamecube here. ISOIEC 1. 53. 9 1 2. Typing disciplinestrong, static, manifest. Adriano Celentano Rock Economy on this page. Filename extensions. Windows_7.png' alt='Serial Port Component For Lazarus Department Store' title='Serial Port Component For Lazarus Department Store' />Research Helpinformation wanted. The following requests have been received for information for individuals research projects. Please contact the researchers directly. Major implementations. Absoft, Cray, GFortran, G9. IBM XL Fortran, Intel, Hitachi, LaheyFujitsu, Numerical Algorithms Group, Open Watcom, Path. Scale, PGI, Silverfrost, Oracle Solaris Studio, Visual Fortran, others. Influenced by. Speedcoding. Influenced. ALGOL 5. BASIC, C, Chapel,1CMS 2, PLI, PACT I, MUMPS and Ratfor. Serial Port Component For Lazarus Department' title='Serial Port Component For Lazarus Department' />Fortran formerly FORTRAN, derived from Formula Translation2 is a general purpose, imperativeprogramming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing. Originally developed by IBM3 in the 1. Fortran came to dominate this area of programming early on and has been in continuous use for over half a century in computationally intensive areas such as numerical weather prediction, finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, computational physics, crystallography and computational chemistry. It is a popular language for high performance computing4 and is used for programs that benchmark and rank the worlds fastest supercomputers. Fortran encompasses a lineage of versions, each of which evolved to add extensions to the language while usually retaining compatibility with prior versions. HjaFi/x720-R59.jpg' alt='Serial Port Component For Lazarus Department' title='Serial Port Component For Lazarus Department' />This is the latest DS18B20 1Wire digital temperature sensor from Maxim IC. Reports degrees C with 9 to 12bit precision, 55C to 125C 0. C. Each sens. Successive versions have added support for structured programming and processing of character based data FORTRAN 7. Fortran 9. 0, high performance Fortran Fortran 9. Raspberry-Pi-2-Bare-FL.jpg/440px-Raspberry-Pi-2-Bare-FL.jpg' alt='Serial Port Component For Lazarus Department' title='Serial Port Component For Lazarus Department' />Fortran 2. Fortran 2. The names of earlier versions of the language through FORTRAN 7. FORTRAN 7. 7 was the last version in which the use of lowercase letters in keywords was strictly non standard. The capitalization has been dropped in referring to newer versions beginning with Fortran 9. The official language standards now refer to the language as Fortran rather than all caps FORTRAN. HistoryeditIn late 1. John W. Backus submitted a proposal to his superiors at IBM to develop a more practical alternative to assembly language for programming their IBM 7. Backus historic FORTRAN team consisted of programmers Richard Goldberg, Sheldon F. Best, Harlan Herrick, Peter Sheridan, Roy Nutt, Robert Nelson, Irving Ziller, Lois Haibt, and David Sayre. Its concepts included easier entry of equations into a computer, an idea developed by J. Halcombe Laning and demonstrated in the Laning and Zierler system of 1. A draft specification for The IBM Mathematical Formula Translating System was completed by mid 1. The first manual for FORTRAN appeared in October 1. FORTRAN compiler delivered in April 1. This was the first optimizing compiler, because customers were reluctant to use a high level programming language unless its compiler could generate code with performance comparable to that of hand coded assembly language. While the community was skeptical that this new method could possibly outperform hand coding, it reduced the number of programming statements necessary to operate a machine by a factor of 2. John Backus said during a 1. Think, the IBM employee magazine, Much of my work has come from being lazy. I didnt like writing programs, and so, when I was working on the IBM 7. I started work on a programming system to make it easier to write programs. Mapinfo Tools Site See. The language was widely adopted by scientists for writing numerically intensive programs, which encouraged compiler writers to produce compilers that could generate faster and more efficient code. The inclusion of a complex number data type in the language made Fortran especially suited to technical applications such as electrical engineering. DevTools/Tools/images/PaletteMenu.png' alt='Serial Port Component For Lazarus Department' title='Serial Port Component For Lazarus Department' />By 1. FORTRAN were available for the IBM 7. Significantly, the increasing popularity of FORTRAN spurred competing computer manufacturers to provide FORTRAN compilers for their machines, so that by 1. FORTRAN compilers existed. For these reasons, FORTRAN is considered to be the first widely used programming language supported across a variety of computer architectures. The development of FORTRAN paralleled the early evolution of compiler technology, and many advances in the theory and design of compilers were specifically motivated by the need to generate efficient code for FORTRAN programs. FORTRANeditThe initial release of FORTRAN for the IBM 7. DIMENSION and EQUIVALENCE statements. Assignment statements. Three way arithmetic. IF statement, which passed control to one of three locations in the program depending on whether the result of the arithmetic statement was negative, zero, or positive. IF statements for checking exceptions ACCUMULATOR OVERFLOW, QUOTIENT OVERFLOW, and DIVIDE CHECK and IF statements for manipulating sense switches and sense lights. GO TO, computed GO TO, ASSIGN, and assigned GO TODO loops. Formatted IO FORMAT, READ, READ INPUT TAPE, WRITE, WRITE OUTPUT TAPE, PRINT, and PUNCHUnformatted IO READ TAPE, READ DRUM, WRITE TAPE, and WRITE DRUMOther IO END FILE, REWIND, and BACKSPACEPAUSE, STOP, and CONTINUEFREQUENCY statement for providing optimization hints to the compiler. The arithmetic IF statement was reminiscent of but not readily implementable by a three way comparison instruction CAS  Compare Accumulator with Storage available on the 7. The statement provided the only way to compare numbers  by testing their difference, with an attendant risk of overflow. This deficiency was later overcome by logical facilities introduced in FORTRAN IV. The FREQUENCY statement was used originally and optionally to give branch probabilities for the three branch cases of the arithmetic IF statement. The first FORTRAN compiler used this weighting to perform at compile time a Monte Carlo simulation of the generated code, the results of which were used to optimize the placement of basic blocks in memory  a very sophisticated optimization for its time. The Monte Carlo technique is documented in Backus et al. The FORTRAN Automatic Coding System The fundamental unit of program is the basic block a basic block is a stretch of program which has one entry point and one exit point. The purpose of section 4 is to prepare for section 5 a table of predecessors PRED table which enumerates the basic blocks and lists for every basic block each of the basic blocks which can be its immediate predecessor in flow, together with the absolute frequency of each such basic block link. This table is obtained by running the program once in Monte Carlo fashion, in which the outcome of conditional transfers arising out of IF type statements and computed GO TOs is determined by a random number generator suitably weighted according to whatever FREQUENCY statements have been provided. Many years later, the FREQUENCY statement had no effect on the code, and was treated as a comment statement, since the compilers no longer did this kind of compile time simulation. A similar fate has befallen compiler hints in several other programming languages for example Cs register keyword. The first FORTRAN compiler reported diagnostic information by halting the program when an error was found and outputting an error code on its console. Download Update. Star Update. Star. Download the. Double click the downloaded file. Update. Star is compatible with Windows platforms. Update. Star has been tested to meet all of the technical requirements to be compatible with. Windows 1. 0, 8. 1, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows Server 2. Windows. XP, 3. 2 bit and 6. Simply double click the downloaded file to install it. Update. Star Free and Update. Star Premium come with the same installer. Update. Star includes support for many languages such as English, German, French, Italian, Hungarian, Russian and many more. You can choose your language settings from within the program.